2025-01-29 update
- Health Info
February 4th is Rubella Day. In Japan Rubella is called “Fuushin”, and 2 and 4 can read “fuu” and “shi”, respectively.
Rubella is an infectious disease caused by the Rubella virus. It is highly contagious and can cause symptoms such as fever, rash, and lymph nodes swelling. In most cases, the symptoms of rubella improve naturally. However, in rare cases, it can lead to severe complications such as encephalitis. Additionally, if a pregnant woman contracts rubella, there is a risk of the baby being born with congenital rubella syndrome (CRS), a condition characterized by abnormalities in the eyes, ears, heart, and other organs, which poses a significant concern.
There is no specific treatment for rubella, but the rubella vaccine is an effective preventive measure. Currently, rubella vaccination is included in the routine vaccination schedule for children in most countries, so many people in younger generations have been vaccinated. However, it was not included in the routine vaccination schedule for men born between April 2, 1962, and April 1, 1979 in Japan. Men in this age group and individuals without a history of vaccination are at higher risk of contracting rubella and potentially spreading it to others, including pregnant women. Even if someone believes they have had rubella in the past, it may not be the case, as there are many diseases with similar symptoms. To determine immunity against rubella, it is essential to check vaccination records or undergo an antibody test.
- To protect yourself, your loved ones, and unborn babies from rubella:
- Check your rubella vaccination history in your caccine records such as maternal and child health handbook.
- If you have no history of rubella vaccination or are unsure about your vaccination history, or if you have any concerns, you can consult the internal medicine or women's health department at UT health service center. For one month starting from February 5, consultations regarding rubella will be available free of charge. However, antibody tests and vaccinations will be charged.
- Men born between April 2, 1962, and April 1, 1979, can request coupons for a free rubella antibody test to your local city office. The coupon is valid until the end of March 2025. For details, please contact your local city office. The coupon cannot be used at our health service center.
《What’s Congenital Rubella Syndrome?》
Congenital Rubella Syndrome (CRS) refers to a condition caused by rubella virus infection in a fetus, which occurs when a pregnant woman contracts rubella. This syndrome often results in congenital abnormalities, particularly when the infection occurs in early pregnancy, up to around the 12th week. The most common symptoms include hearing loss, congenital heart defects, and cataracts. Other potential effects are microcephaly, low birth weight, and developmental delays. In Japan, rubella outbreaks occurred in 2004, 2012–2013, and 2018, with 41 cases of CRS reported nationwide during the 2013–2014 outbreak.
To identify pregnant women who may be at risk of rubella infection and to raise awareness, rubella antibody levels are tested during early pregnancy checkups. For many women, this is the first time their rubella antibody levels are measured. If antibody levels are low, it is recommended to take preventive measures, such as avoiding crowded places and wearing masks. Additionally, those close to pregnant women can help protect both the mother and baby by not only following these preventive measures but also by checking their own rubella antibody levels and getting vaccinated when necessary.
To reduce the risk of rubella infection in future pregnancies and to protect oneself from infection, postpartum vaccination is recommended. You can get rubella vaccination during breastfeeding.
- Since rubella vaccination cannot be administered during pregnancy, taking precautions before pregnancy is important. Women should avoid pregnancy two months after rubella vaccination. Thus, if you are planning to get pregnant, it is recommended to allow sufficient time to undergo antibody test and receive the vaccine if necessary. Some local governments provide coupons for antibody tests and vaccination, so be sure to check web sites or announcements from your local government or employer.
- Note: no cases of CRS caused by rubella vaccination have been reported as of today.
